Merge branch 'master' of github.com:Caemor/eink-waveshare-rs into better_readme

examples/embedded_linux/src/main.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ extern crate linux_embedded_hal as lin_hal;
 extern crate eink_waveshare_rs;
 
 
-use eink_waveshare_rs::{epd4in2::EPD4in2, drawing::{Graphics, color::Color}};
+use eink_waveshare_rs::{epd4in2::EPD4in2, drawing::{Graphics, color::Color}, interface::WaveshareInterface};
 
 use lin_hal::spidev::{self, SpidevOptions};
 use lin_hal::{Pin, Spidev};
@@ -120,27 +120,27 @@ fn main() {
 
     graphics.draw_vertical_line(200, 50, 200, &Color::Black);
 
-    epd4in2.display_and_transfer_frame(graphics.get_buffer(), None).expect("display and transfer error");
+    epd4in2.update_and_display_frame(graphics.get_buffer()).expect("display and transfer error");
  
     epd4in2.delay_ms(3000);
 
-    epd4in2.clear_frame(None).expect("clear frame error");
+    epd4in2.clear_frame().expect("clear frame error");
 
     //Test fast updating a bit more
     let mut small_buffer = [0x00; 128];
     let mut circle_graphics = Graphics::new(32,32, &mut small_buffer);
     circle_graphics.draw_circle(16,16, 10, &Color::Black);
 
-    epd4in2.set_partial_window(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 16,16, 32, 32, false).expect("Partial Window Error");
+    epd4in2.update_partial_frame(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 16,16, 32, 32).expect("Partial Window Error");
     epd4in2.display_frame().expect("Display Frame Error");
 
-    epd4in2.set_partial_window(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 128,64, 32, 32, false).expect("Partial Window Error");
+    epd4in2.update_partial_frame(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 128,64, 32, 32).expect("Partial Window Error");
     epd4in2.display_frame().expect("Display Frame Error");
 
-    epd4in2.set_partial_window(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 320,24, 32, 32, false).expect("Partial Window Error");
+    epd4in2.update_partial_frame(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 320,24, 32, 32).expect("Partial Window Error");
     epd4in2.display_frame().expect("Display Frame Error");
 
-    epd4in2.set_partial_window(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 160,240, 32, 32, false).expect("Partial Window Error");
+    epd4in2.update_partial_frame(circle_graphics.get_buffer(), 160,240, 32, 32).expect("Partial Window Error");
     epd4in2.display_frame().expect("Display Frame Error");
 
     epd4in2.delay_ms(3000);
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ fn main() {
     graphics.draw_string_8x8(16, 16, "hello", &Color::Black);
     graphics.draw_char_8x8(250, 250, '#', &Color::Black);
     graphics.draw_char_8x8(300, 16, '7', &Color::Black);
-    epd4in2.display_and_transfer_frame(graphics.get_buffer(), None).expect("display and transfer error");
+    epd4in2.update_and_display_frame(graphics.get_buffer()).expect("display and transfer error");
 
     epd4in2.delay_ms(3000);
 

src/epd2in9/command.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+//! SPI Commands for the Waveshare 2.9" E-Ink Display
+
+use interface;
+
+
+/// EPD2IN9 commands
+/// 
+/// Should rarely (never?) be needed directly.
+/// 
+/// For more infos about the addresses and what they are doing look into the pdfs 
+/// 
+/// The description of the single commands is mostly taken from IL0398.pdf
+//#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
+pub enum Command {
+    /// Driver Output control 	
+	/// 	3 Databytes: 
+	/// 	A[7:0]
+	/// 	0.. A[8]
+	/// 	0.. B[2:0]
+	/// 	Default: Set A[8:0] = 0x127 and B[2:0] = 0x0
+	DRIVER_OUTPUT_CONTROL = 0x01,
+	/// Booster Soft start control
+	/// 	3 Databytes:
+	/// 	1.. A[6:0]
+	/// 	1.. B[6:0]
+	/// 	1.. C[6:0]
+	/// 	Default: A[7:0] = 0xCF, B[7:0] = 0xCE, C[7:0] = 0x8D
+	BOOSTER_SOFT_START_CONTROL = 0x0C,
+	//TODO: useful?
+	// GATE_SCAN_START_POSITION = 0x0F,
+	/// Deep Sleep Mode Control
+	/// 	1 Databyte: 
+	/// 	0.. A[0]
+	/// 	Values: 
+	/// 		A[0] = 0: Normal Mode (POR)
+	/// 		A[0] = 1: Enter Deep Sleep Mode
+	DEEP_SLEEP_MODE = 0x10,
+	// /// Data Entry mode setting
+	DATA_ENTRY_MODE_SETTING = 0x11,
+
+	SW_RESET = 0x12,
+
+	TEMPERATURE_SENSOR_CONTROL = 0x1A,
+
+	MASTER_ACTIVATION = 0x20,
+
+	DISPLAY_UPDATE_CONTROL_1 = 0x21,
+
+	DISPLAY_UPDATE_CONTROL_2 = 0x22,
+
+	WRITE_RAM = 0x24,
+
+	WRITE_VCOM_REGISTER = 0x2C,
+
+	WRITE_LUT_REGISTER = 0x32,
+
+	SET_DUMMY_LINE_PERIOD = 0x3A,
+
+	SET_GATE_LINE_WIDTH = 0x3B,
+
+	BORDER_WAVEFORM_CONTROL = 0x3C,
+
+	SET_RAM_X_ADDRESS_START_END_POSITION = 0x44,
+
+	SET_RAM_Y_ADDRESS_START_END_POSITION = 0x45,
+
+	SET_RAM_X_ADDRESS_COUNTER = 0x4E,
+
+	SET_RAM_Y_ADDRESS_COUNTER = 0x4F,
+
+	TERMINATE_COMMANDS_AND_FRAME_WRITE = 0xFF
+}
+
+
+
+impl interface::Command for Command {
+	/// Returns the address of the command
+	fn address(self) -> u8 {
+	    self as u8
+	}
+}
+
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::Command;
+	use interface::Command as CommandTrait;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn command_addr() {
+		assert_eq!(Command::DRIVER_OUTPUT_CONTROL.address(), 0x01);
+
+		//assert_eq!(Command::PANEL_SETTING.addr(), 0x00);
+
+		//assert_eq!(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH.addr(), 0x12);        
+    }
+}

src/epd2in9/constants.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+pub(crate) const WIDTH: u16 = 128;
+pub(crate) const HEIGHT: u16 = 296;
+
+// Original Waveforms from Waveshare
+pub(crate) const LUT_FULL_UPDATE: [u8; 30] =[
+    0x02, 0x02, 0x01, 0x11, 0x12, 0x12, 0x22, 0x22, 
+    0x66, 0x69, 0x69, 0x59, 0x58, 0x99, 0x99, 0x88, 
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xF8, 0xB4, 0x13, 0x51, 
+    0x35, 0x51, 0x51, 0x19, 0x01, 0x00       
+];
+
+pub(crate) const LUT_PARTIAL_UPDATE: [u8; 30] =[
+    0x10, 0x18, 0x18, 0x08, 0x18, 0x18, 0x08, 0x00, 
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x13, 0x14, 0x44, 0x12, 
+    0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00      
+];

src/epd2in9/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+//! A simple Driver for the Waveshare 4.2" E-Ink Display via SPI
+//! 
+//! The other Waveshare E-Ink Displays should be added later on
+//! 
+//! Build with the help of documentation/code from [Waveshare](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/4.2inch_e-Paper_Module), 
+//! [Ben Krasnows partial Refresh tips](https://benkrasnow.blogspot.de/2017/10/fast-partial-refresh-on-42-e-paper.html) and
+//! the driver documents in the `pdfs`-folder as orientation.
+//!
+//! This driver was built using [`embedded-hal`] traits.
+//!
+//! [`embedded-hal`]: https://docs.rs/embedded-hal/~0.1
+//! 
+//! # Requirements
+//! 
+//! ### SPI
+//! 
+//! - MISO is not connected/available
+//! - SPI_MODE_0 is used (CPHL = 0, CPOL = 0)
+//! - 8 bits per word, MSB first
+//! - Max. Speed tested was 8Mhz but more should be possible
+//! 
+//! ### Other....
+//! 
+//! - Buffersize: Wherever a buffer is used it always needs to be of the size: `width / 8 * length`, 
+//!   where width and length being either the full e-ink size or the partial update window size
+//!
+//! # Examples
+//!
+//! ```ignore
+//! let mut epd4in2 = EPD4in2::new(spi, cs, busy, dc, rst, delay).unwrap();
+//!
+//! let mut buffer =  [0u8, epd4in2.get_width() / 8 * epd4in2.get_height()];
+//! 
+//! // draw something into the buffer
+//! 
+//! epd4in2.display_and_transfer_buffer(buffer, None);
+//! 
+//! // wait and look at the image
+//! 
+//! epd4in2.clear_frame(None);
+//! 
+//! epd4in2.sleep();
+//! ```
+//! 
+//! 
+//!
+//! BE CAREFUL! The Partial Drawing can "destroy" your display.
+//! It needs more testing first.
+//! 
+//! Is initalised with slow full LUT
+
+
+use hal::{
+    blocking::{
+        spi::Write,
+        delay::*
+    },
+    digital::*
+};
+
+mod constants;
+use self::constants::*;
+
+use drawing::color::Color;
+
+pub mod command;
+pub use self::command::Command;
+
+use interface::*;
+
+use interface::connection_interface::ConnectionInterface;
+
+
+
+/// EPD2in9 driver
+///
+pub struct EPD2in9<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D> {
+    /// SPI
+    interface: ConnectionInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>,
+    /// Width
+    width: u16,
+    /// Height
+    height: u16,  
+    /// Color
+    background_color: Color, 
+}
+
+impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> EPD2in9<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
+where 
+    SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
+    CS: OutputPin,
+    BUSY: InputPin,
+    DC: OutputPin,
+    RST: OutputPin,
+    D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>
+{
+
+}
+
+
+impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> WaveshareInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> for EPD2in9<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
+where 
+    SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
+    CS: OutputPin,
+    BUSY: InputPin,
+    DC: OutputPin,
+    RST: OutputPin,
+    D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>,
+{ 
+    
+    fn get_width(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.width
+    }
+
+    fn get_height(&self) -> u16 {
+        self.height
+    }
+
+
+    fn new(
+        spi: SPI, 
+        cs: CS, 
+        busy: BUSY, 
+        dc: DC, 
+        rst: RST, 
+        delay: D
+    ) -> Result<Self, E> {                
+        let width = WIDTH as u16;
+        let height = HEIGHT as u16;
+
+        let interface = ConnectionInterface::new(spi, cs, busy, dc, rst, delay);
+
+        let background_color = Color::White;
+
+        let mut epd = EPD2in9 {interface, width, height, background_color};
+
+
+        epd.init()?;
+
+        Ok(epd)
+    }
+
+
+
+    fn init(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        
+        
+        self.reset();
+
+        // 3 Databytes:
+        // A[7:0]
+        // 0.. A[8]
+        // 0.. B[2:0]
+        // Default Values: A = Height of Screen (0x127), B = 0x00 (GD, SM and TB=0?)
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::DRIVER_OUTPUT_CONTROL)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(HEIGHT as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((HEIGHT >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0x00)?;
+
+        // 3 Databytes: (and default values from datasheet and arduino)
+        // 1 .. A[6:0]  = 0xCF | 0xD7
+        // 1 .. B[6:0]  = 0xCE | 0xD6
+        // 1 .. C[6:0]  = 0x8D | 0x9D
+        //TODO: test
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::BOOSTER_SOFT_START_CONTROL)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0xD7)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0xD6)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0x9D)?;
+
+        // One Databyte with value 0xA8 for 7V VCOM
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::WRITE_VCOM_REGISTER)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0xA8)?;
+
+        // One Databyte with default value 0x1A for 4 dummy lines per gate
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::SET_DUMMY_LINE_PERIOD)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0x1A)?;
+
+        // One Databyte with default value 0x08 for 2us per line
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::SET_GATE_LINE_WIDTH)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0x08)?;
+
+        // One Databyte with default value 0x03
+        //  -> address: x increment, y increment, address counter is updated in x direction
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::DATA_ENTRY_MODE_SETTING)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0x03)?;
+
+        self.set_lut()
+    }
+
+    fn sleep(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::DEEP_SLEEP_MODE)?;
+        // 0x00 for Normal mode (Power on Reset), 0x01 for Deep Sleep Mode
+        //TODO: is 0x00 needed here?
+        self.interface.send_data(0x00)?;
+
+        self.wait_until_idle();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.interface.reset()
+    }
+
+    fn delay_ms(&mut self, delay: u16) {
+        self.interface.delay_ms(delay)
+    }
+
+    
+
+    fn update_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E>{
+        self.use_full_frame()?;
+
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::WRITE_RAM)?;
+        self.interface.send_multiple_data(buffer)
+    }
+
+    //TODO: update description: last 3 bits will be ignored for width and x_pos
+    fn update_partial_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8], x: u16, y: u16, width: u16, height: u16) -> Result<(), E>{
+        self.set_ram_area(x, y, x + width, y + height)?;
+        self.set_ram_counter(x, y)?;
+
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::WRITE_RAM)?;
+        self.interface.send_multiple_data(buffer)
+    }
+
+    
+    fn display_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>{
+        // enable clock signal, enable cp, display pattern -> 0xC4 (tested with the arduino version)
+        //TODO: test control_1 or control_2 with default value 0xFF (from the datasheet)
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::DISPLAY_UPDATE_CONTROL_2)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(0xC4)?;
+
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::MASTER_ACTIVATION)?;
+        // MASTER Activation should not be interupted to avoid currption of panel images
+        // therefore a terminate command is send
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::TERMINATE_COMMANDS_AND_FRAME_WRITE)
+    }
+
+    
+    fn update_and_display_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E>{
+        self.update_frame(buffer)?;
+        self.display_frame()
+    }
+
+    
+    fn clear_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>{
+        self.use_full_frame()?;
+
+        // clear the ram with the background color
+        let color = self.background_color.get_byte_value();
+
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::WRITE_RAM)?;        
+        self.interface.send_data_x_times(color, WIDTH / 8 * HEIGHT)
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the backgroundcolor for various commands like [WaveshareInterface::clear_frame()](clear_frame())
+    fn set_background_color(&mut self, background_color: Color){
+        self.background_color = background_color;
+    }
+
+}
+
+impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> EPD2in9<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
+where 
+    SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
+    CS: OutputPin,
+    BUSY: InputPin,
+    DC: OutputPin,
+    RST: OutputPin,
+    D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>,
+{
+    fn wait_until_idle(&mut self) {
+        self.interface.wait_until_idle(false);
+    }
+    
+    pub(crate) fn use_full_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        // choose full frame/ram
+        self.set_ram_area(0, 0, WIDTH - 1, HEIGHT - 1)?;
+
+        // start from the beginning
+        self.set_ram_counter(0,0)
+    }
+    
+    pub(crate) fn set_ram_area(&mut self, start_x: u16, start_y: u16, end_x: u16, end_y: u16) -> Result<(), E> {
+        assert!(start_x < end_x);
+        assert!(start_y < end_y);
+
+        // x is positioned in bytes, so the last 3 bits which show the position inside a byte in the ram
+        // aren't relevant        
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::SET_RAM_X_ADDRESS_START_END_POSITION)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((start_x >> 3) as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((end_x >> 3) as u8)?;
+
+        // 2 Databytes: A[7:0] & 0..A[8] for each - start and end
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::SET_RAM_Y_ADDRESS_START_END_POSITION)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(start_y as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((start_y >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(end_y as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((end_y >> 8) as u8)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn set_ram_counter(&mut self, x: u16, y: u16) -> Result<(), E> {
+        // x is positioned in bytes, so the last 3 bits which show the position inside a byte in the ram
+        // aren't relevant
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::SET_RAM_X_ADDRESS_COUNTER)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((x >> 3) as u8)?;
+
+        // 2 Databytes: A[7:0] & 0..A[8]
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::SET_RAM_Y_ADDRESS_COUNTER)?;
+        self.interface.send_data(y as u8)?;
+        self.interface.send_data((y >> 8) as u8)?;
+
+        self.wait_until_idle();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Uses the slower full update 
+    pub fn set_lut(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.set_lut_helper(&LUT_FULL_UPDATE)
+    }
+
+    /// Uses the quick partial refresh 
+    pub fn set_lut_quick(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.set_lut_helper(&LUT_PARTIAL_UPDATE)
+    }
+
+    //TODO: assert length for LUT is exactly 30
+    fn set_lut_manual(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.set_lut_helper(buffer)
+    }
+
+
+    fn set_lut_helper(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> {
+        assert!(buffer.len() == 30);
+        self.interface.send_command(Command::WRITE_LUT_REGISTER)?;
+        self.interface.send_multiple_data(buffer)
+    }
+
+}

src/epd4in2/command.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //! SPI Commands for the Waveshare 4.2" E-Ink Display
-
+use interface;
 /// EPD4IN2 commands
 /// 
 /// Should rarely (never?) be needed directly.
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ pub enum Command {
 	LOW_POWER_DETECTION = 0x51,
 	/// This command defines non-overlap period of Gate and Source.
 	TCON_SETTING = 0x60,
-	/// This command defines alternative resolution and this setting is of higher priority than the RES[1:0] in R00H (PSR).
+	/// This command defines alternative resolution and this setting is of higher priority than the RES\[1:0\] in R00H (PSR).
 	RESOLUTION_SETTING = 0x61,
 	/// This command defines the Fist Active Gate and First Active Source of active channels.
 	GSST_SETTING = 0x65,
@@ -146,9 +146,9 @@ pub enum Command {
 
 
 
-impl Command {
+impl interface::Command for Command {
 	/// Returns the address of the command
-	pub fn addr(self) -> u8 {
+	fn address(self) -> u8 {
 	    self as u8
 	}
 }
@@ -157,13 +157,14 @@ impl Command {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+	use interface::Command as CommandTrait;
 
     #[test]
     fn command_addr() {
-		assert_eq!(Command::POWER_SAVING.addr(), 0xE3);
+		assert_eq!(Command::POWER_SAVING.address(), 0xE3);
 
-		assert_eq!(Command::PANEL_SETTING.addr(), 0x00);
+		assert_eq!(Command::PANEL_SETTING.address(), 0x00);
 
-		assert_eq!(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH.addr(), 0x12);        
+		assert_eq!(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH.address(), 0x12);        
     }
 }

src/epd4in2/constants.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+pub(crate) const WIDTH: usize = 400;
+pub(crate) const HEIGHT: usize = 300;
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_VCOM0: [u8; 44] = [
 0x00, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02,        
 0x00, 0x17, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02,        
@@ -8,6 +11,7 @@ pub(crate) const LUT_VCOM0: [u8; 44] = [
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
 ];
 
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_VCOM0_QUICK: [u8; 44] = [
 0x00, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,        
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,        
@@ -18,6 +22,7 @@ pub(crate) const LUT_VCOM0_QUICK: [u8; 44] = [
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
 ];
 
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_WW: [u8; 42] =[
 0x40, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02,
 0x90, 0x17, 0x17, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02,
@@ -28,6 +33,7 @@ pub(crate) const LUT_WW: [u8; 42] =[
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
 ];
 
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_WW_QUICK: [u8; 42] =[
 0xA0, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
@@ -49,6 +55,7 @@ pub(crate) const LUT_BW: [u8; 42] =[
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,      
 ];
 
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_BW_QUICK: [u8; 42] =[
 0xA0, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
@@ -70,6 +77,7 @@ pub(crate) const LUT_BB: [u8; 42] =[
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,             
 ];
 
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_BB_QUICK: [u8; 42] =[
 0x50, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
@@ -91,6 +99,7 @@ pub(crate) const LUT_WB: [u8; 42] =[
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,            
 ];
 
+
 pub(crate) const LUT_WB_QUICK: [u8; 42] =[
 0x50, 0x0E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01,
 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,

src/epd4in2/mod.rs

@@ -47,24 +47,22 @@
 //! BE CAREFUL! The Partial Drawing can "destroy" your display.
 //! It needs more testing first.
 
-
 use hal::{
-    blocking::{
+    blocking::{delay::*, spi::Write},
-        spi::Write,
+    digital::*,
-        delay::*
-    },
     spi::{Mode, Phase, Polarity},
-    digital::*
 };
 
+use interface::{connection_interface::ConnectionInterface, WaveshareInterface};
+
 //The Lookup Tables for the Display
-mod lut;
+mod constants;
-use self::lut::*;
+use self::constants::*;
 
 use drawing::color::Color;
 
 pub mod command;
-pub use command::Command as Command;
+pub use self::command::Command;
 
 //TODO: test spi mode
 /// SPI mode -
@@ -74,37 +72,21 @@ pub const SPI_MODE: Mode = Mode {
     polarity: Polarity::IdleLow,
 };
 
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 /// EPD4in2 driver
 ///
 pub struct EPD4in2<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D> {
-    /// SPI
+    /// Connection Interface
-    spi: SPI,
+    interface: ConnectionInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>,
-    /// CS for SPI
-    cs: CS,
-    /// Low for busy, Wait until display is ready!
-    busy: BUSY,
-    /// Data/Command Control Pin (High for data, Low for command)
-    dc: DC,
-    /// Pin for Reseting
-    rst: RST,
-    /// The concrete Delay implementation
-    delay: D,
     /// Width
     width: u16,
     /// Height
     height: u16,
+    /// Background Color
+    color: Color,
 }
 
-
+impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> WaveshareInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E>
-impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> EPD4in2<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
+    for EPD4in2<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
 where
     SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
     CS: OutputPin,
@@ -113,20 +95,17 @@ where
     RST: OutputPin,
     D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>,
 {
-    /// Get the width of the display
+    fn get_width(&self) -> u16 {
-    pub fn get_width(&self) -> u16 {
         self.width
     }
 
-    /// Get the height of the display
+    fn get_height(&self) -> u16 {
-    pub fn get_height(&self) -> u16 {
         self.height
     }
 
-    
     /// Creates a new driver from a SPI peripheral, CS Pin, Busy InputPin, DC
     ///
-    /// This already initialises the device. That means [EPD4in2::init()](EPD4in2::init()) isn't needed directly afterwards
+    /// This already initialises the device. That means [init()](init()) isn't needed directly afterwards
     ///
     /// # Example
     ///
@@ -139,28 +118,25 @@ where
     ///
     /// epd4in2.sleep();
     /// ```
-    pub fn new(spi: SPI, cs: CS, busy: BUSY, dc: DC, rst: RST, delay: D) -> Result<Self, E> {
+    fn new(spi: SPI, cs: CS, busy: BUSY, dc: DC, rst: RST, delay: D) -> Result<Self, E> {
-        //TODO: width und height anpassbar machen?
+        let width = WIDTH as u16;
-        let width = 400;
+        let height = HEIGHT as u16;
-        let height = 300;
 
-        let mut epd4in2 = EPD4in2 {spi, cs, busy, dc, rst, delay, width, height };
+        let interface = ConnectionInterface::new(spi, cs, busy, dc, rst, delay);
+        let color = Color::White;
+        let mut epd = EPD4in2 {
+            interface,
+            width,
+            height,
+            color,
+        };
 
-        epd4in2.init()?;
+        epd.init()?;
 
-        Ok(epd4in2)
+        Ok(epd)
     }
 
-
+    fn init(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
-
-    /// This initialises the EPD and powers it up
-    /// 
-    /// This function is already called from [EPD4in2::new()](EPD4in2::new())
-    /// 
-    /// This function calls [EPD4in2::reset()](EPD4in2::reset()),
-    /// so you don't need to call reset your self when trying to wake your device up
-    /// after setting it to sleep.
-    pub fn init(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
         // reset the device
         self.reset();
 
@@ -202,174 +178,12 @@ where
         self.send_command(Command::PLL_CONTROL)?;
         self.send_data(0x3A)?;
 
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-
-
-
-
-    
-    /// Transmit partial data to the SRAM of the EPD,
-    /// the final parameter dtm chooses between the 2
-    /// internal buffers 
-    /// 
-    /// Normally it should be dtm2, so use false
-    /// 
-    /// BUFFER needs to be of size: w / 8 * l !
-    pub fn set_partial_window(&mut self, buffer: &[u8], x: u16, y: u16, w: u16, l: u16, is_dtm1: bool) -> Result<(), E> {
-        if buffer.len() as u16 != w / 8 * l {
-            //TODO: panic!! or sth like that
-            //return Err("Wrong buffersize");
-        }
-
-        self.send_command(Command::PARTIAL_IN)?;
-        self.send_command(Command::PARTIAL_WINDOW)?;
-        self.send_data((x >> 8) as u8)?;
-        let tmp = x & 0xf8;
-        self.send_data(tmp as u8)?; // x should be the multiple of 8, the last 3 bit will always be ignored
-        let tmp = tmp + w - 1;
-        self.send_data((tmp >> 8) as u8)?;
-        self.send_data((tmp | 0x07) as u8)?;
-
-        self.send_data((y >> 8) as u8)?;
-        self.send_data(y as u8)?;
-
-        self.send_data(((y + l - 1) >> 8) as u8)?;
-        self.send_data((y + l - 1) as u8)?;
-
-        self.send_data(0x01)?; // Gates scan both inside and outside of the partial window. (default) 
-
-        if is_dtm1 {
-            self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_1)?
-        } else {
-            self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_2)?
-        }
-
-        self.send_multiple_data(buffer)?;
-
-        self.send_command(Command::PARTIAL_OUT)
-    }
-
-    
-
-    // void DisplayFrame(const unsigned char* frame_buffer);
-    /// Display the frame data from SRAM
-    /// Uses the SLOW!! full update/refresh
-    /// Default color: 0xff
-    /// 
-    pub fn display_and_transfer_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8], color: Option<u8>) -> Result<(), E>{
-        let color = color.unwrap_or(0xff);
-
-        self.send_resolution()?;
-
-        self.send_command(Command::VCM_DC_SETTING)?;
-        self.send_data(0x12)?;
-
-        self.send_command(Command::VCOM_AND_DATA_INTERVAL_SETTING)?;
-        //TODO: this was a send_command instead of a send_data. check if it's alright and doing what it should do (setting the default values)
-        //oldTODO is this really a command here or shouldn't that be data?
-        //self.send_command_u8(0x97)?; //VBDF 17|D7 VBDW 97  VBDB 57  VBDF F7  VBDW 77  VBDB 37  VBDR B7
-        self.send_data(0x97)?;
-
-
-        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_1)?;
-        for _ in 0..(buffer.len()) {
-            self.send_data(color)?;
-        }
-        self.delay_ms(2);
-
-        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_2)?;
-        //self.send_multiple_data(buffer)?;
-        for &elem in buffer.iter() {
-            self.send_data(elem)?;
-        }
-        self.delay_ms(2);
-
         self.set_lut()?;
 
-        self.send_command(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH)?;
-        //TODO: adapt time, is this long delay really needed?
-        self.delay_ms(10);
-        self.wait_until_idle();
-
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn send_resolution(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+    fn sleep(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
-        let w = self.get_width();
-        let h = self.get_height();
-
-        self.send_command(Command::RESOLUTION_SETTING)?;
-        self.send_data((w >> 8) as u8)?;
-        self.send_data(w as u8)?;
-        self.send_data((h >> 8) as u8)?;
-        self.send_data(h as u8)
-    }
-
-    /// Displays the frame data from SRAM
-    pub fn display_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
-        self.set_lut()?;
-        self.send_command(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH)?;
-
-        self.delay_ms(100);
-        self.wait_until_idle();
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Same as display_frame(), but with nearly no delay
-    /// and uses the fast/partial refresh LUT
-    /// needs more testing!!!
-    /// maybe delay can be fully removed as wait_until_idle should do
-    /// the necessary stuff
-    /// TODO: check delay!!!
-    /// Displays the frame data from SRAM
-    pub fn display_frame_quick(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
-        self.set_lut_quick()?;
-        self.send_command(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH)?;
-
-        self.delay_ms(1);
-        self.wait_until_idle();
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    
-    /// Clears the frame from the buffer
-    /// 
-    /// Set a reset_color if you want a different from the default 0xff
-    /// 
-    /// TODO: should that option be removed? E.g. the struct contains an additional default background value
-    /// which is settable?
-    pub fn clear_frame(&mut self, reset_color: Option<Color>) -> Result<(), E> {
-        let reset_color: Color = reset_color.unwrap_or(Color::White);
-
-        self.send_resolution()?;
-
-        let size = self.width / 8 * self.height;
-
-        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_1)?;
-        self.delay_ms(2);
-        for _ in 0..size {
-            self.send_data(reset_color.get_byte_value())?;
-        }
-
-        self.delay_ms(2);
-
-        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_2)?;
-        self.delay_ms(2);
-        for _ in 0..size {
-            self.send_data(reset_color.get_byte_value())?;
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Let the device enter deep-sleep mode to save power. 
-    /// 
-    /// The deep sleep mode returns to standby with a hardware reset. 
-    /// But you can also use [EPD4in2::reset()](EPD4in2::reset()) to awaken.
-    /// But as you need to power it up once more anyway you can also just directly use [EPD4in2::init()](EPD4in2::init()) for resetting
-    /// and initialising which already contains the reset
-    pub fn sleep(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
         self.send_command(Command::VCOM_AND_DATA_INTERVAL_SETTING)?;
         self.send_data(0x17)?; //border floating
         self.send_command(Command::VCM_DC_SETTING)?; // VCOM to 0V
@@ -390,34 +204,171 @@ where
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Resets the device.
+    fn reset(&mut self) {
-    /// 
+        self.interface.reset()
-    /// Often used to awake the module from deep sleep. See [EPD4in2::sleep()](EPD4in2::sleep())
+    }
-    /// 
-    /// TODO: Takes at least 400ms of delay alone, can it be shortened?
-    pub fn reset(&mut self) {
-        self.rst.set_low();
 
-        //TODO: why 200ms? (besides being in the waveshare code)
+    fn delay_ms(&mut self, delay: u16) {
-        self.delay_ms(200);
+        self.interface.delay_ms(delay)
+    }
 
-        self.rst.set_high();
+    fn update_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> {
+        let color_value = self.color.get_byte_value();
 
-        //TODO: same as 3 lines above
+        self.send_resolution()?;
-        self.delay_ms(200);
+
+        self.send_command(Command::VCM_DC_SETTING)?;
+        self.send_data(0x12)?;
+
+        self.send_command(Command::VCOM_AND_DATA_INTERVAL_SETTING)?;
+        //TODO: this was a send_command instead of a send_data. check if it's alright and doing what it should do (setting the default values)
+        //oldTODO is this really a command here or shouldn't that be data?
+        //self.send_command_u8(0x97)?; //VBDF 17|D7 VBDW 97  VBDB 57  VBDF F7  VBDW 77  VBDB 37  VBDR B7
+        self.send_data(0x97)?;
+
+        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_1)?;
+        for _ in 0..(buffer.len()) {
+            self.send_data(color_value)?;
+        }
+        self.delay_ms(2);
+
+        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_2)?;
+        //self.send_multiple_data(buffer)?;
+        
+        for &elem in buffer.iter() {
+            self.send_data(elem)?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn update_partial_frame(
+        &mut self,
+        buffer: &[u8],
+        x: u16,
+        y: u16,
+        width: u16,
+        height: u16,
+    ) -> Result<(), E> {
+        if buffer.len() as u16 != width / 8 * height {
+            //TODO: panic!! or sth like that
+            //return Err("Wrong buffersize");
+        }
+
+        self.send_command(Command::PARTIAL_IN)?;
+        self.send_command(Command::PARTIAL_WINDOW)?;
+        self.send_data((x >> 8) as u8)?;
+        let tmp = x & 0xf8;
+        self.send_data(tmp as u8)?; // x should be the multiple of 8, the last 3 bit will always be ignored
+        let tmp = tmp + width - 1;
+        self.send_data((tmp >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.send_data((tmp | 0x07) as u8)?;
+
+        self.send_data((y >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.send_data(y as u8)?;
+
+        self.send_data(((y + height - 1) >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.send_data((y + height - 1) as u8)?;
+
+        self.send_data(0x01)?; // Gates scan both inside and outside of the partial window. (default)
+
+        //TODO: handle dtm somehow
+        let is_dtm1 = false;
+        if is_dtm1 {
+            self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_1)?
+        } else {
+            self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_2)?
+        }
+
+        self.send_multiple_data(buffer)?;
+
+        self.send_command(Command::PARTIAL_OUT)
+    }
+
+    fn update_and_display_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E>{
+        self.update_frame(buffer)?;
+        self.display_frame()
     }
 
 
+    fn display_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.send_command(Command::DISPLAY_REFRESH)?;
+
+        self.wait_until_idle();
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    // TODO: add this abstraction function
+    // fn update_and_display_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    fn clear_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.send_resolution()?;
+
+        let size = self.width / 8 * self.height;
+        let color_value = self.color.get_byte_value();
+
+        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_1)?;
+        self.delay_ms(2);
+        for _ in 0..size {
+            self.send_data(color_value)?;
+        }
+
+        self.delay_ms(2);
+
+        self.send_command(Command::DATA_START_TRANSMISSION_2)?;
+        self.delay_ms(2);
+        for _ in 0..size {
+            self.send_data(color_value)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the backgroundcolor for various commands like [WaveshareInterface::clear_frame()](clear_frame())
+    fn set_background_color(&mut self, color: Color) {
+        self.color = color;
+    }
+}
+
+impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> EPD4in2<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
+where
+    SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
+    CS: OutputPin,
+    BUSY: InputPin,
+    DC: OutputPin,
+    RST: OutputPin,
+    D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>,
+{
+    fn send_command(&mut self, command: Command) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.interface.send_command(command)
+    }
+
+    fn send_data(&mut self, val: u8) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.interface.send_data(val)
+    }
+
+    fn send_multiple_data(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> {
+        self.interface.send_multiple_data(data)
+    }
+
+    fn wait_until_idle(&mut self) {
+        self.interface.wait_until_idle(true)
+    }
+
+    fn send_resolution(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
+        let w = self.get_width();
+        let h = self.get_height();
+
+        self.send_command(Command::RESOLUTION_SETTING)?;
+        self.send_data((w >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.send_data(w as u8)?;
+        self.send_data((h >> 8) as u8)?;
+        self.send_data(h as u8)
+    }
 
     /// Fill the look-up table for the EPD
     //TODO: make public?
     fn set_lut(&mut self) -> Result<(), E> {
-        self.set_lut_helper(
+        self.set_lut_helper(&LUT_VCOM0, &LUT_WW, &LUT_BW, &LUT_WB, &LUT_BB)
-            &LUT_VCOM0,
-            &LUT_WW,
-            &LUT_BW,
-            &LUT_WB,
-            &LUT_BB)
     }
 
     /// Fill the look-up table for a quick display (partial refresh)
@@ -430,131 +381,38 @@ where
             &LUT_WW_QUICK,
             &LUT_BW_QUICK,
             &LUT_WB_QUICK,
-            &LUT_BB_QUICK)
+            &LUT_BB_QUICK,
+        )
     }
 
-    fn set_lut_helper(&mut self, 
+    fn set_lut_helper(
+        &mut self,
         lut_vcom: &[u8],
         lut_ww: &[u8],
         lut_bw: &[u8],
         lut_wb: &[u8],
-            lut_bb: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> 
+        lut_bb: &[u8],
-    {
+    ) -> Result<(), E> {
-        //vcom
+        // LUT VCOM
         self.send_command(Command::LUT_FOR_VCOM)?;
         self.send_multiple_data(lut_vcom)?;
 
-        //ww --
+        // LUT WHITE to WHITE
         self.send_command(Command::LUT_WHITE_TO_WHITE)?;
         self.send_multiple_data(lut_ww)?;
 
-        //bw r
+        // LUT BLACK to WHITE
         self.send_command(Command::LUT_BLACK_TO_WHITE)?;
         self.send_multiple_data(lut_bw)?;
 
-        //wb w
+        // LUT WHITE to BLACK
         self.send_command(Command::LUT_WHITE_TO_BLACK)?;
         self.send_multiple_data(lut_wb)?;
 
-        //bb b
+        // LUT BLACK to BLACK
         self.send_command(Command::LUT_BLACK_TO_BLACK)?;
         self.send_multiple_data(lut_bb)?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
-
-    /// Basic function for sending [Commands](Command). 
-    /// 
-    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [EPD4in2::send_data()](EPD4in2::send_data())
-    /// Should rarely be needed!
-    /// //TODO: make public? 
-    fn send_command(&mut self, command: Command) -> Result<(), E> {
-        // low for commands
-        self.dc.set_low(); 
-
-        // Transfer the command over spi
-        self.with_cs(|epd| {
-            epd.spi.write(&[command.addr()])
-        })
 }
-
-    /// Basic function for sending a single u8 of data over spi
-    /// 
-    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [EPD4in2::send_command()](EPD4in2::send_command())
-    /// 
-    /// Should rarely be needed!
-    /// //TODO: make public? 
-    fn send_data(&mut self, val: u8) -> Result<(), E> {
-        // high for data
-        self.dc.set_high();
-
-        // Transfer data (u8) over spi
-        self.with_cs(|epd| {
-            epd.spi.write(&[val])
-        })
-    }
-
-    /// Basic function for sending an array of u8-values of data over spi
-    /// 
-    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [EPD4in2::send_command()](EPD4in2::send_command())
-    /// 
-    /// Should rarely be needed!
-    /// //TODO: make public? 
-    fn send_multiple_data(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> {
-        // high for data
-        self.dc.set_high();
-
-        // Transfer data (u8-array) over spi
-        self.with_cs(|epd| {
-            epd.spi.write(data)
-        })
-    }
-
-    // spi write helper/abstraction function
-    fn with_cs<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> Result<(), E>
-    where 
-        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<(), E>,
-    {
-        // activate spi with cs low
-        self.cs.set_low();
-        // transfer spi data
-        let result = f(self);
-        // deativate spi with cs high
-        self.cs.set_high();
-        // return result
-        result
-    }
-
-
-    /// Waits until device isn't busy anymore (busy == HIGH)
-    /// 
-    /// This is normally handled by the more complicated commands themselves,
-    /// but in the case you send data and commands directly you might need to check
-    /// if the device is still busy
-    pub fn wait_until_idle(&mut self) {
-        //low: busy, high: idle
-        while self.busy.is_low() {
-            //TODO: shorten the time? it was 100 in the beginning
-            self.delay_ms(10);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    /// Abstraction of setting the delay for simpler calls 
-    pub fn delay_ms(&mut self, delay: u16) {
-        self.delay.delay_ms(delay);
-    }
-}
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

src/interface/connection_interface.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+use hal::{
+    blocking::{
+        spi::Write,
+        delay::*
+    },
+    digital::*
+};
+
+use interface::Command;
+
+/// EPD4in2 driver
+///
+pub(crate) struct ConnectionInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D> {
+    /// SPI
+    spi: SPI,
+    /// CS for SPI
+    cs: CS,
+    /// Low for busy, Wait until display is ready!
+    busy: BUSY,
+    /// Data/Command Control Pin (High for data, Low for command)
+    dc: DC,
+    /// Pin for Reseting
+    rst: RST,
+    /// The concrete Delay implementation
+    delay: D,
+}
+
+
+impl<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E> ConnectionInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D>
+where 
+    SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
+    CS: OutputPin,
+    BUSY: InputPin,
+    DC: OutputPin,
+    RST: OutputPin,
+    D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>,
+{
+    pub(crate) fn new(spi: SPI, cs: CS, busy: BUSY, dc: DC, rst: RST, delay: D) -> Self {
+        ConnectionInterface {spi, cs, busy, dc, rst, delay }
+    }
+    
+    /// Basic function for sending [Commands](Command). 
+    /// 
+    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [send_data()](ConnectionInterface::send_data())
+    /// Should rarely be needed!
+    /// //TODO: make public? 
+    pub(crate) fn send_command<T: Command>(&mut self, command: T) -> Result<(), E> {
+        // low for commands
+        self.dc.set_low(); 
+
+        // Transfer the command over spi
+        self.with_cs(|epd| {
+            epd.spi.write(&[command.address()])
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Basic function for sending a single u8 of data over spi
+    /// 
+    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [Esend_command()](ConnectionInterface::send_command())
+    /// 
+    /// Should rarely be needed!
+    /// //TODO: make public? 
+    pub(crate) fn send_data(&mut self, val: u8) -> Result<(), E> {
+        // high for data
+        self.dc.set_high();
+
+        // Transfer data (u8) over spi
+        self.with_cs(|epd| {
+            epd.spi.write(&[val])
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Basic function for sending a single u8 of data over spi
+    /// 
+    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [Esend_command()](ConnectionInterface::send_command())
+    /// 
+    /// Should rarely be needed!
+    /// //TODO: make public? 
+    pub(crate) fn send_data_x_times(&mut self, val: u8, repetitions: u16) -> Result<(), E> {
+        // high for data
+        self.dc.set_high();
+
+        // Transfer data (u8) over spi
+        self.with_cs(|epd| {
+            for _ in 0..repetitions {
+                epd.spi.write(&[val])?;
+            }
+            Ok(())           
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Basic function for sending an array of u8-values of data over spi
+    /// 
+    /// Enables direct interaction with the device with the help of [send_command()](EPD4in2::send_command())
+    /// 
+    /// Should rarely be needed!
+    /// //TODO: make public? 
+    pub(crate) fn send_multiple_data(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E> {
+        // high for data
+        self.dc.set_high();
+
+        // Transfer data (u8-array) over spi
+        self.with_cs(|epd| {
+            epd.spi.write(data)
+        })
+    }
+
+    // spi write helper/abstraction function
+    pub(crate) fn with_cs<F>(&mut self, f: F) -> Result<(), E>
+    where 
+        F: FnOnce(&mut Self) -> Result<(), E>,
+    {
+        // activate spi with cs low
+        self.cs.set_low();
+        // transfer spi data
+        let result = f(self);
+        // deativate spi with cs high
+        self.cs.set_high();
+        // return result
+        result
+    }
+
+
+    /// Waits until device isn't busy anymore (busy == HIGH)
+    /// 
+    /// This is normally handled by the more complicated commands themselves,
+    /// but in the case you send data and commands directly you might need to check
+    /// if the device is still busy
+    /// 
+    /// is_busy_low
+    /// 
+    ///  - TRUE for epd4in2, epd1in54, epd2in13, epd2in7, epd5in83, epd7in5
+    ///  - FALSE for epd2in9
+    /// 
+    /// Most likely there was a mistake with the 2in9 busy connection
+    pub(crate) fn wait_until_idle(&mut self, is_busy_low: bool) {
+        self.delay_ms(1);
+        //low: busy, high: idle
+        while (is_busy_low && self.busy.is_low()) || (!is_busy_low && self.busy.is_high()) {
+            //TODO: shorten the time? it was 100 in the beginning
+            self.delay_ms(5);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /// Abstraction of setting the delay for simpler calls
+    /// 
+    /// maximum delay ~65 seconds (u16:max in ms)
+    pub(crate) fn delay_ms(&mut self, delay: u16) {
+        self.delay.delay_ms(delay);
+    }
+
+    /// Resets the device.
+    /// 
+    /// Often used to awake the module from deep sleep. See [EPD4in2::sleep()](EPD4in2::sleep())
+    /// 
+    /// TODO: Takes at least 400ms of delay alone, can it be shortened?
+    pub(crate) fn reset(&mut self) {
+        self.rst.set_low();
+
+        //TODO: why 200ms? (besides being in the waveshare code)
+        self.delay_ms(200);
+
+        self.rst.set_high();
+
+        //TODO: same as 3 lines above
+        self.delay_ms(200);
+    }
+
+}

src/interface/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+use hal::{
+    blocking::{
+        spi::Write,
+        delay::*
+    },
+    spi::{Mode, Phase, Polarity},
+    digital::*
+};
+
+use drawing::color::Color;
+
+pub mod connection_interface;
+
+//TODO: test spi mode
+/// SPI mode - 
+/// For more infos see [Requirements: SPI](index.html#spi)
+pub const SPI_MODE: Mode = Mode {
+    phase: Phase::CaptureOnFirstTransition,
+    polarity: Polarity::IdleLow,
+};
+
+use core::marker::Sized;
+
+pub(crate) trait Command {
+    fn address(self) -> u8;
+}
+
+
+//TODO add LUT trait with set_fast_lut
+// and set_manual_lut and set_normal_lut or sth like that
+// for partial updates
+
+pub trait LUTSupport<Error> {
+    fn set_lut(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>;
+    fn set_lut_quick(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>;
+    fn set_lut_manual(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>;
+}
+
+
+pub trait WaveshareInterface<SPI, CS, BUSY, DC, RST, D, E>
+    where 
+        SPI: Write<u8, Error = E>,
+        CS: OutputPin,
+        BUSY: InputPin,
+        DC: OutputPin,
+        RST: OutputPin,
+        D: DelayUs<u16> + DelayMs<u16>,
+{
+    /// Get the width of the display
+    fn get_width(&self) -> u16;
+
+    /// Get the height of the display
+    fn get_height(&self) -> u16;
+
+    /// Creates a new driver from a SPI peripheral, CS Pin, Busy InputPin, DC
+    /// 
+    /// This already initialises the device. That means [init()](WaveshareInterface::init()) isn't needed directly afterwards
+    fn new(
+        spi: SPI, 
+        cs: CS, 
+        busy: BUSY, 
+        dc: DC, 
+        rst: RST, 
+        delay: D
+    ) -> Result<Self, E>
+        where Self: Sized;
+
+    /// This initialises the EPD and powers it up
+    /// 
+    /// This function is already called from [new()](WaveshareInterface::new())
+    /// 
+    /// This function calls [reset()](WaveshareInterface::reset()),
+    /// so you don't need to call reset your self when trying to wake your device up
+    /// after setting it to sleep.
+    fn init(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+
+    // void DisplayFrame(const unsigned char* frame_buffer);
+    /// Transmit a full frame to the SRAM of the DPD
+    /// 
+    fn update_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    //TODO: is dtm always used?
+    /// Transmit partial data to the SRAM of the EPD,
+    /// the final parameter dtm chooses between the 2
+    /// internal buffers 
+    /// 
+    /// Normally it should be dtm2, so use false
+    /// 
+    /// BUFFER needs to be of size: w / 8 * l !
+    fn update_partial_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8], x: u16, y: u16, width: u16, height: u16) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    /// Displays the frame data from SRAM
+    fn display_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    // TODO: add this abstraction function
+    fn update_and_display_frame(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    /// Clears the frame from the buffer
+    /// 
+    /// Uses the chosen background color
+    fn clear_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    /// Sets the backgroundcolor for various commands like [clear_frame()](WaveshareInterface::clear_frame())
+    fn set_background_color(&mut self, color: Color);
+
+
+    /// Let the device enter deep-sleep mode to save power. 
+    /// 
+    /// The deep sleep mode returns to standby with a hardware reset. 
+    /// But you can also use [reset()](WaveshareInterface::reset()) to awaken.
+    /// But as you need to power it up once more anyway you can also just directly use [init()](WaveshareInterface::init()) for resetting
+    /// and initialising which already contains the reset
+    fn sleep(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>;
+
+    /// Resets the device.
+    /// 
+    /// Often used to awake the module from deep sleep. See [sleep()](WaveshareInterface::sleep())
+    fn reset(&mut self);
+
+    /// Abstraction of setting the delay for simpler calls
+    /// 
+    /// maximum delay ~65 seconds (u16:max in ms)
+    fn delay_ms(&mut self, delay: u16);
+
+    /*
+
+
+    //
+    -set_quick_lut?
+    -set_normal_mode
+
+
+    fn clear_frame(&mut self, reset_color: Option<Color>) -> Result<(), E>
+
+    fn display_frame_quick(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>
+
+    fn display_frame(&mut self) -> Result<(), E>
+
+    pub fn display_and_transfer_frame(
+    &mut self, 
+    buffer: &[u8], 
+    color: Option<u8>
+) -> Result<(), E>
+
+    pub fn set_partial_window(
+    &mut self, 
+    buffer: &[u8], 
+    x: u16, 
+    y: u16, 
+    w: u16, 
+    l: u16, 
+    is_dtm1: bool
+) -> Result<(), E>
+
+*/
+
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@
 //! 
 //! BE CAREFUL! The Partial Drawing can "destroy" your display.
 //! It needs more testing first.
+//! 
+//! TODO: Make more assertions about buffersizes?
 #![no_std]
 
 
@@ -58,7 +60,14 @@ use hal::{
 
 pub mod drawing;
 pub mod epd4in2;
-use epd4in2::*;
+
+
+
+pub mod epd2in9;
+
+pub mod interface;
+
+
 
 //TODO: test spi mode
 /// SPI mode -